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G20Cr2Ni4
G20Cr2Ni4 is a premium carburized bearing steel specifically engineered for high-strength applications. Renowned for its exceptional carburizing properties, superior hardenability, and outstanding toughness against contact fatigue, this material has become indispensable in heavy-duty, impact-resistant, and high-speed bearing manufacturing. Produced through a precision process involving high-quality alloy raw materials, electric arc furnace smelting, electroslag remelting refinement, and forging, the steel achieves precise chemical composition control with minimal impurities (P/S content ≤0.020%). This ensures a uniformly dense microstructure with finely grained particles. Its standout features include: surface hardness of HRC58-64 after carburizing while maintaining core hardness at HRC30-40, forming an ideal "hard surface + tough core" structure that resists both rolling friction wear under heavy loads and impact forces, preventing bearing brittleness. The excellent hardenability ensures even hardening layers in thick-section components, guaranteeing consistent performance across all bearing components. With superior contact fatigue resistance and dimensional stability, it withstands prolonged high-speed rotation and heavy impact conditions, significantly extending bearing service life. Whether for heavy machinery bearings, automotive transmission bearings, or aerospace-specific bearings, G20Cr2Ni4 delivers reliable high-performance, providing robust support for equipment reliability and durability. As the core material of choice for premium heavy-duty bearing manufacturing, it stands as the gold standard in this field.
The G20Cr2Ni4 products showcased here cover a wide range of specifications, designed to meet the machining requirements of various heavy-duty bearings and precision components. The specific models and detailed parameters are as follows:
- Round steel specifications: G20Cr2Ni4-Φ (diameter) × L (length), with diameters ranging from 5mm to 400mm and standard lengths of 6000mm. Customized cutting is available upon request (minimum cut length: 500mm). Precision grades include standard (±0.5mm), precision (±0.1mm), and ultra-precision (±0.05mm), suitable for manufacturing bearing rings and rolling elements with varying accuracy requirements.
- Plate specifications: G20Cr2Ni4-δ (thickness) × W (width) × L (length), with thickness ranging from 3mm to 150mm, widths available in 1000mm, 1220mm, or 1500mm, and standard length of 2000mm (customizable). The plates are hot-rolled or cold-rolled, with surface treatments including annealing, pickling, or polishing, making them suitable for manufacturing large bearing housings, heavy-duty wear-resistant washers, and similar components.
- Forged parts specifications: G20Cr2Ni4 alloy, dimensions from 100×100×100mm to 600×600×600mm (standard), with custom shape forgings available. The forged parts feature refined grain structure and dense internal microstructure, delivering superior carburizing and mechanical properties. Ideal for manufacturing large heavy-duty components such as bearing rings and drive shafts.
-Pipe specifications: G20Cr2Ni4-Φ (outer diameter) × δ (wall thickness) × L (length), with outer diameters ranging from 10mm to 250mm and wall thicknesses from 2mm to 25mm. Standard length is 6000mm, with customizable cutting options. The surface is annealed, suitable for applications such as hollow bearing sleeves and heavy-duty hydraulic pipe fittings.
- Compliance standard: GB/T 18254-2016 (National Standard), equivalent to ISO 683-17:2018, ensuring product quality meets high-end carburized bearing steel industry specifications. Material certificates, carburizing heat treatment reports, and third-party inspection reports are available.
- Chemical composition (mass percentage,%): C 0.17-0.23, Si 0.15-0.35, Mn 0.30-0.60, P ≤0.020, S ≤0.020, Cr 1.35-1.65, Ni 3.25-3.75, Cu ≤0.25, Mo ≤0.10. The precise composition ratio endows the steel with excellent carburizing properties, hardenability, and toughness, which are key to its core high-performance characteristics.
- Heat treatment parameters: ① Annealing: 860-880°C for 2-4 hours with furnace cooling, achieving hardness ≤229HBW; ② Carburizing: 900-930°C for 4-8 hours (adjustable per harden layer requirements), with depth of 0.8-2.0mm; ③ Quenching: 830-860°C after carburizing with oil cooling, yielding surface hardness of HRC62-64; ④ Tempering: 150-200°C for 2-3 hours with air cooling to room temperature, stabilizing surface hardness at HRC58-64 and core hardness at HRC30-40. The process can be customized based on part dimensions and operational requirements.
The G20Cr2Ni4 product features a well-defined appearance and stringent precision control: The round steel exhibits uniform surface coloration, free from oxide scale accumulation, cracks, inclusions, or porosity defects. It demonstrates excellent diameter consistency without noticeable bending or deformation, with a precision-grade surface roughness of Ra ≤ 0.8μm. The plates and forgings display smooth surfaces with uniform forging marks, clean edges, and precise cutting surfaces, with dimensional deviations controlled within ±0.05mm. The pipes feature smooth inner walls without burrs, uniform outer diameters and wall thickness, and no oval deformation. The overall appearance showcases superior quality, reflecting the excellence of refined and formed processes, and is ready for direct use in subsequent precision machining and carburizing treatments.
Metallographic analysis reveals that the annealed G20Cr2Ni4 steel exhibits a ferrite + pearlite microstructure with uniformly fine grains (average size: 8-9 mm), featuring evenly distributed fine carbides that facilitate machining and subsequent carburizing. After carburizing-quenching and tempering, the surface structure consists of fine needle-like martensite with dispersed carbides, demonstrating uniform hardening layer-to-core transition without significant decarburization or carbon deficiency. The core structure forms tempered sorbite, combining excellent strength and toughness. Electroslag remelting effectively removes internal impurities, resulting in defects like shrinkage cavities, porosity, and segregation being virtually absent, with a density exceeding 99.9%. This ensures long-term heavy-load and impact operations without bearing failure due to internal defects, guaranteeing stable equipment performance.
- Hardness: The annealed state hardness ≤229HBW, suitable for precision machining; after carburizing, quenching, and tempering, the surface hardness stabilizes at HRC58-64, with the core hardness at HRC30-40, forming a rational hardness gradient of "hard surface + tough core" that resists wear and withstands impact.
- Mechanical properties (after carburizing and tempering): Surface tensile strength ≥1800MPa, core tensile strength ≥1000MPa, elongation δ5 ≥10%, impact toughness αk ≥60J/cm² (at room temperature, core). This material achieves excellent strength-toughness balance, capable of withstanding heavy loads and impact loads, effectively preventing brittle failure of bearings during operation.
- Contact fatigue resistance: Tests demonstrate a contact fatigue life (L10) of ≥1200 hours (3500MPa load, 3000 rpm), outperforming conventional carburized bearing steel. This ensures reliable operation under high-speed, high-load conditions while minimizing fatigue failure risks.
- Hardenability and carburizing properties: Exhibits excellent hardenability, maintaining a uniform microstructure in the core even after carburizing quenching with a 150mm thick cross-section. The rapid carburizing process ensures a well-distributed carburized layer, with the hardened layer depth precisely controlled between 0.8-2.0mm, meeting the performance requirements of bearings with varying thicknesses.
- Dimensional stability: The residual stress after carburizing heat treatment is extremely low, and the dimensional change rate after aging treatment is ≤0.01%. This ensures long-term maintenance of precise dimensions for parts, meeting the requirements of high-precision heavy-load bearings and preventing dimensional deformation from affecting equipment operational accuracy.
Using high-purity alloy materials and a dual-refining process combining electric arc furnace smelting with electroslag remelting, we maintain strict control over chemical composition and impurity levels (P, S ≤0.020%) to ensure stable and reliable steel quality. Through precision forging and annealing, the internal structure density and carbide distribution uniformity are enhanced, laying a solid foundation for subsequent carburizing and precision machining. This approach effectively mitigates bearing failure risks caused by material defects at the source.
This bearing steel exhibits exceptional carburizing performance, forming a uniformly dense hardened layer with surface hardness reaching HRC58-64 while maintaining excellent toughness in the core, achieving the perfect balance of "hard wear resistance + impact resistance". It also demonstrates superior hardenability, contact fatigue resistance, and dimensional stability, enabling long-term adaptation to complex operating conditions such as high-speed, heavy-load, and impact environments. Compared to conventional carburized bearing steels, its contact fatigue life is enhanced by 60%-90%, resulting in superior operational reliability.
The product range covers various forms including round steel, plates, forgings, and pipes, with a wide selection of standard specifications available in all forms. Diameters range from 5mm to 400mm and thicknesses from 3mm to 150mm. Customized solutions are supported for irregular dimensions and special precision grades (ultra-precision grade ±0.05mm), along with customized carburizing heat treatment and surface treatment services. This eliminates the need for additional secondary processing by customers, enabling direct adaptation to the design and manufacturing requirements of precision heavy-duty bearings and components, thereby saving processing time and costs.
Engineered for high-end heavy-duty bearings, this solution is optimized for precision machining in various heavy-load and impact scenarios. It meets demanding operational requirements including high-speed rotation, heavy loads, and intense impacts, spanning industries such as heavy machinery, automotive, aerospace, and rail transit. With exceptional carburizing performance and dimensional stability, it directly fulfills the stringent precision and reliability demands of advanced equipment, significantly enhancing overall operational performance.
Every batch undergoes rigorous quality control encompassing chemical composition analysis, metallographic structure examination, hardness measurement, tensile strength testing, impact toughness evaluation, carburizing depth inspection, and non-destructive testing (combining ultrasonic and magnetic particle methods). These comprehensive procedures ensure all specifications meet national standards and client requirements. We provide complete test reports, material certifications, and carburizing heat treatment documentation, with third-party re-inspection capabilities to guarantee product reliability and customer confidence.
With its outstanding carburizing properties and comprehensive mechanical performance, G20Cr2Ni4 is widely used in manufacturing high-end heavy-duty bearings and precision wear-resistant components for complex working conditions. The specific applications are as follows:
This technology is designed for manufacturing premium heavy-duty bearings, including self-aligning roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, thrust bearings, and cylindrical roller bearings. It enables production of core components such as bearing rings and rolling elements (steel balls/rollers), widely used in heavy machinery like cranes, excavators, crushers, and rolling mills. The system ensures stable operation under extreme loads (≥3000MPa) and high-speed rotation, effectively resisting rolling friction and impact forces. This guarantees precise performance and extended service life, ultimately enhancing the operational efficiency and reliability of heavy equipment.
Manufactured for high-end bearings and transmission components in automotive and rail transit systems, including automotive transmission bearings, drive axle bearings, engine camshafts, and rail transit wheel axle boxes. The material's unique "hard surface + tough core" microstructure enables it to withstand high-frequency impacts and heavy loads during vehicle operation, ensuring stable transmission system performance, extending component lifespan, and enhancing transportation safety.
Capable of manufacturing high-precision heavy-duty bearings and structural components for aerospace equipment, such as aircraft engine bearings, landing gear bearings, and spacecraft transmission bearings, meeting the stringent requirements for part accuracy, strength, and reliability in aerospace applications. These components maintain stable performance under complex operating conditions, withstanding high temperatures, impacts, and heavy loads to ensure flight safety and operational stability of aerospace systems.
This material is designed for manufacturing heavy-duty wear-resistant components in precision machinery, including spindle bearings, precision gears, cams, and guide columns for CNC machine tools. It is widely used in high-precision equipment such as CNC machine tools and machining centers. With its outstanding wear resistance and dimensional stability, it reduces part wear, enhances operational accuracy and service life of equipment, and lowers maintenance costs.
Beyond its aforementioned applications, G20Cr2Ni4 is also utilized in manufacturing heavy-duty bearings for petrochemical industries (e.g., oil drill pipe bearings), high-end hydraulic components (e.g., hydraulic pump shafts and cylinders), and wear-resistant parts for precision measuring instruments. It meets the heavy-load and high-precision demands of multiple high-end sectors including machinery, automotive, aerospace, and petrochemicals, providing material support for the efficient operation of various advanced equipment.
G20Cr2Ni4 is a premium carburized bearing steel specifically engineered for high-strength applications. Renowned for its exceptional carburizing properties, superior hardenability, and outstanding toughness against contact fatigue, this material has become indispensable in heavy-duty, impact-resistant, and high-speed bearing manufacturing. Produced through a precision process involving high-quality alloy raw materials, electric arc furnace smelting, electroslag remelting refinement, and forging, the steel achieves precise chemical composition control with minimal impurities (P/S content ≤0.020%). This ensures a uniformly dense microstructure with finely grained particles. Its standout features include: surface hardness of HRC58-64 after carburizing while maintaining core hardness at HRC30-40, forming an ideal "hard surface + tough core" structure that resists both rolling friction wear under heavy loads and impact forces, preventing bearing brittleness. The excellent hardenability ensures even hardening layers in thick-section components, guaranteeing consistent performance across all bearing components. With superior contact fatigue resistance and dimensional stability, it withstands prolonged high-speed rotation and heavy impact conditions, significantly extending bearing service life. Whether for heavy machinery bearings, automotive transmission bearings, or aerospace-specific bearings, G20Cr2Ni4 delivers reliable high-performance, providing robust support for equipment reliability and durability. As the core material of choice for premium heavy-duty bearing manufacturing, it stands as the gold standard in this field.
The G20Cr2Ni4 products showcased here cover a wide range of specifications, designed to meet the machining requirements of various heavy-duty bearings and precision components. The specific models and detailed parameters are as follows:
- Round steel specifications: G20Cr2Ni4-Φ (diameter) × L (length), with diameters ranging from 5mm to 400mm and standard lengths of 6000mm. Customized cutting is available upon request (minimum cut length: 500mm). Precision grades include standard (±0.5mm), precision (±0.1mm), and ultra-precision (±0.05mm), suitable for manufacturing bearing rings and rolling elements with varying accuracy requirements.
- Plate specifications: G20Cr2Ni4-δ (thickness) × W (width) × L (length), with thickness ranging from 3mm to 150mm, widths available in 1000mm, 1220mm, or 1500mm, and standard length of 2000mm (customizable). The plates are hot-rolled or cold-rolled, with surface treatments including annealing, pickling, or polishing, making them suitable for manufacturing large bearing housings, heavy-duty wear-resistant washers, and similar components.
- Forged parts specifications: G20Cr2Ni4 alloy, dimensions from 100×100×100mm to 600×600×600mm (standard), with custom shape forgings available. The forged parts feature refined grain structure and dense internal microstructure, delivering superior carburizing and mechanical properties. Ideal for manufacturing large heavy-duty components such as bearing rings and drive shafts.
-Pipe specifications: G20Cr2Ni4-Φ (outer diameter) × δ (wall thickness) × L (length), with outer diameters ranging from 10mm to 250mm and wall thicknesses from 2mm to 25mm. Standard length is 6000mm, with customizable cutting options. The surface is annealed, suitable for applications such as hollow bearing sleeves and heavy-duty hydraulic pipe fittings.
- Compliance standard: GB/T 18254-2016 (National Standard), equivalent to ISO 683-17:2018, ensuring product quality meets high-end carburized bearing steel industry specifications. Material certificates, carburizing heat treatment reports, and third-party inspection reports are available.
- Chemical composition (mass percentage,%): C 0.17-0.23, Si 0.15-0.35, Mn 0.30-0.60, P ≤0.020, S ≤0.020, Cr 1.35-1.65, Ni 3.25-3.75, Cu ≤0.25, Mo ≤0.10. The precise composition ratio endows the steel with excellent carburizing properties, hardenability, and toughness, which are key to its core high-performance characteristics.
- Heat treatment parameters: ① Annealing: 860-880°C for 2-4 hours with furnace cooling, achieving hardness ≤229HBW; ② Carburizing: 900-930°C for 4-8 hours (adjustable per harden layer requirements), with depth of 0.8-2.0mm; ③ Quenching: 830-860°C after carburizing with oil cooling, yielding surface hardness of HRC62-64; ④ Tempering: 150-200°C for 2-3 hours with air cooling to room temperature, stabilizing surface hardness at HRC58-64 and core hardness at HRC30-40. The process can be customized based on part dimensions and operational requirements.
The G20Cr2Ni4 product features a well-defined appearance and stringent precision control: The round steel exhibits uniform surface coloration, free from oxide scale accumulation, cracks, inclusions, or porosity defects. It demonstrates excellent diameter consistency without noticeable bending or deformation, with a precision-grade surface roughness of Ra ≤ 0.8μm. The plates and forgings display smooth surfaces with uniform forging marks, clean edges, and precise cutting surfaces, with dimensional deviations controlled within ±0.05mm. The pipes feature smooth inner walls without burrs, uniform outer diameters and wall thickness, and no oval deformation. The overall appearance showcases superior quality, reflecting the excellence of refined and formed processes, and is ready for direct use in subsequent precision machining and carburizing treatments.
Metallographic analysis reveals that the annealed G20Cr2Ni4 steel exhibits a ferrite + pearlite microstructure with uniformly fine grains (average size: 8-9 mm), featuring evenly distributed fine carbides that facilitate machining and subsequent carburizing. After carburizing-quenching and tempering, the surface structure consists of fine needle-like martensite with dispersed carbides, demonstrating uniform hardening layer-to-core transition without significant decarburization or carbon deficiency. The core structure forms tempered sorbite, combining excellent strength and toughness. Electroslag remelting effectively removes internal impurities, resulting in defects like shrinkage cavities, porosity, and segregation being virtually absent, with a density exceeding 99.9%. This ensures long-term heavy-load and impact operations without bearing failure due to internal defects, guaranteeing stable equipment performance.
- Hardness: The annealed state hardness ≤229HBW, suitable for precision machining; after carburizing, quenching, and tempering, the surface hardness stabilizes at HRC58-64, with the core hardness at HRC30-40, forming a rational hardness gradient of "hard surface + tough core" that resists wear and withstands impact.
- Mechanical properties (after carburizing and tempering): Surface tensile strength ≥1800MPa, core tensile strength ≥1000MPa, elongation δ5 ≥10%, impact toughness αk ≥60J/cm² (at room temperature, core). This material achieves excellent strength-toughness balance, capable of withstanding heavy loads and impact loads, effectively preventing brittle failure of bearings during operation.
- Contact fatigue resistance: Tests demonstrate a contact fatigue life (L10) of ≥1200 hours (3500MPa load, 3000 rpm), outperforming conventional carburized bearing steel. This ensures reliable operation under high-speed, high-load conditions while minimizing fatigue failure risks.
- Hardenability and carburizing properties: Exhibits excellent hardenability, maintaining a uniform microstructure in the core even after carburizing quenching with a 150mm thick cross-section. The rapid carburizing process ensures a well-distributed carburized layer, with the hardened layer depth precisely controlled between 0.8-2.0mm, meeting the performance requirements of bearings with varying thicknesses.
- Dimensional stability: The residual stress after carburizing heat treatment is extremely low, and the dimensional change rate after aging treatment is ≤0.01%. This ensures long-term maintenance of precise dimensions for parts, meeting the requirements of high-precision heavy-load bearings and preventing dimensional deformation from affecting equipment operational accuracy.
Using high-purity alloy materials and a dual-refining process combining electric arc furnace smelting with electroslag remelting, we maintain strict control over chemical composition and impurity levels (P, S ≤0.020%) to ensure stable and reliable steel quality. Through precision forging and annealing, the internal structure density and carbide distribution uniformity are enhanced, laying a solid foundation for subsequent carburizing and precision machining. This approach effectively mitigates bearing failure risks caused by material defects at the source.
This bearing steel exhibits exceptional carburizing performance, forming a uniformly dense hardened layer with surface hardness reaching HRC58-64 while maintaining excellent toughness in the core, achieving the perfect balance of "hard wear resistance + impact resistance". It also demonstrates superior hardenability, contact fatigue resistance, and dimensional stability, enabling long-term adaptation to complex operating conditions such as high-speed, heavy-load, and impact environments. Compared to conventional carburized bearing steels, its contact fatigue life is enhanced by 60%-90%, resulting in superior operational reliability.
The product range covers various forms including round steel, plates, forgings, and pipes, with a wide selection of standard specifications available in all forms. Diameters range from 5mm to 400mm and thicknesses from 3mm to 150mm. Customized solutions are supported for irregular dimensions and special precision grades (ultra-precision grade ±0.05mm), along with customized carburizing heat treatment and surface treatment services. This eliminates the need for additional secondary processing by customers, enabling direct adaptation to the design and manufacturing requirements of precision heavy-duty bearings and components, thereby saving processing time and costs.
Engineered for high-end heavy-duty bearings, this solution is optimized for precision machining in various heavy-load and impact scenarios. It meets demanding operational requirements including high-speed rotation, heavy loads, and intense impacts, spanning industries such as heavy machinery, automotive, aerospace, and rail transit. With exceptional carburizing performance and dimensional stability, it directly fulfills the stringent precision and reliability demands of advanced equipment, significantly enhancing overall operational performance.
Every batch undergoes rigorous quality control encompassing chemical composition analysis, metallographic structure examination, hardness measurement, tensile strength testing, impact toughness evaluation, carburizing depth inspection, and non-destructive testing (combining ultrasonic and magnetic particle methods). These comprehensive procedures ensure all specifications meet national standards and client requirements. We provide complete test reports, material certifications, and carburizing heat treatment documentation, with third-party re-inspection capabilities to guarantee product reliability and customer confidence.
With its outstanding carburizing properties and comprehensive mechanical performance, G20Cr2Ni4 is widely used in manufacturing high-end heavy-duty bearings and precision wear-resistant components for complex working conditions. The specific applications are as follows:
This technology is designed for manufacturing premium heavy-duty bearings, including self-aligning roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, thrust bearings, and cylindrical roller bearings. It enables production of core components such as bearing rings and rolling elements (steel balls/rollers), widely used in heavy machinery like cranes, excavators, crushers, and rolling mills. The system ensures stable operation under extreme loads (≥3000MPa) and high-speed rotation, effectively resisting rolling friction and impact forces. This guarantees precise performance and extended service life, ultimately enhancing the operational efficiency and reliability of heavy equipment.
Manufactured for high-end bearings and transmission components in automotive and rail transit systems, including automotive transmission bearings, drive axle bearings, engine camshafts, and rail transit wheel axle boxes. The material's unique "hard surface + tough core" microstructure enables it to withstand high-frequency impacts and heavy loads during vehicle operation, ensuring stable transmission system performance, extending component lifespan, and enhancing transportation safety.
Capable of manufacturing high-precision heavy-duty bearings and structural components for aerospace equipment, such as aircraft engine bearings, landing gear bearings, and spacecraft transmission bearings, meeting the stringent requirements for part accuracy, strength, and reliability in aerospace applications. These components maintain stable performance under complex operating conditions, withstanding high temperatures, impacts, and heavy loads to ensure flight safety and operational stability of aerospace systems.
This material is designed for manufacturing heavy-duty wear-resistant components in precision machinery, including spindle bearings, precision gears, cams, and guide columns for CNC machine tools. It is widely used in high-precision equipment such as CNC machine tools and machining centers. With its outstanding wear resistance and dimensional stability, it reduces part wear, enhances operational accuracy and service life of equipment, and lowers maintenance costs.
Beyond its aforementioned applications, G20Cr2Ni4 is also utilized in manufacturing heavy-duty bearings for petrochemical industries (e.g., oil drill pipe bearings), high-end hydraulic components (e.g., hydraulic pump shafts and cylinders), and wear-resistant parts for precision measuring instruments. It meets the heavy-load and high-precision demands of multiple high-end sectors including machinery, automotive, aerospace, and petrochemicals, providing material support for the efficient operation of various advanced equipment.
