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GCr15A
GCr15A is a premium high-carbon chromium bearing steel specifically designed for precision bearings. Renowned for its exceptional wear resistance, high hardness, excellent hardenability, and dimensional stability, it plays a pivotal role in bearing manufacturing and high-precision mechanical components. Produced through electric arc furnace smelting and electroslag remelting processes using premium raw materials, this steel boasts precisely controlled chemical composition with minimal impurities (P and S content ≤0.020%), ensuring a uniformly dense internal structure and finely grained microstructure. Its standout features include: achieving HRC62-66 hardness through appropriate heat treatment, delivering outstanding wear resistance and contact fatigue performance to withstand high-load rolling -friction and extend bearing service life; maintaining consistent hardenability across thick cross-sections to ensure uniform performance across all bearing components; and combining toughness with corrosion resistance to meet diverse operational requirements. Whether for high-speed rotating bearings, precision instrument bearings, or wear-resistant mechanical parts, GCr15A delivers stable performance, ensuring equipment accuracy and reliability. As an indispensable premium bearing steel material in industrial manufacturing, it serves as a cornerstone for precision bearing applications.
The GCr15A products showcased here cover a wide range of specifications, designed to meet the machining requirements of various bearings and precision components. The specific models and detailed parameters are as follows:
- Round steel specifications: GCr15A-Φ (diameter) × L (length), with diameters ranging from 5mm to 300mm and standard lengths of 6000mm. Customized cutting is available upon request (minimum cutting length: 500mm). Precision grades include standard (±0.5mm), precision (±0.1mm), and ultra-precision (±0.05mm), suitable for manufacturing bearing rings and rolling elements with varying accuracy requirements.
- Plate specifications: GCr15A-δ (thickness) × W (width) × L (length), with thickness ranging from 3mm to 100mm, widths available in 1000mm, 1220mm, or 1500mm, and standard length of 2000mm (customizable). The plates are cold-rolled or hot-rolled, with surface treatments including annealing, pickling, or polishing, making them suitable for manufacturing large bearing housings, wear-resistant washers, and similar components.
- Pipe specifications: GCr15A-Φ (outer diameter) × δ (wall thickness) × L (length), with outer diameters ranging from 10mm to 200mm and wall thicknesses from 2mm to 20mm. Standard length is 6000mm, with custom cutting available. The surface is annealed, suitable for applications such as hollow bearing sleeves and precision pipe fittings.
- Forged parts specifications: GCr15A steel, dimensions from 100×100×100mm to 500×500×500mm, with custom shape forgings available. The forged parts feature refined grain structure and dense internal microstructure, delivering superior mechanical properties. Ideal for precision bearing rings and wear-resistant components requiring integrated machining.
- Compliance standard: GB/T 18254-2016 (National Standard), equivalent to ISO 683-17:2018, ensuring product quality meets precision bearing steel industry specifications. Material certificates, heat treatment reports, and third-party inspection reports are available upon request.
- Chemical composition (mass percentage,%): C 0.95-1.05, Si 0.15-0.35, Mn 0.25-0.45, P ≤0.020, S ≤0.020, Cr 1.40-1.65, Ni ≤0.30, Cu ≤0.25, Mo ≤0.10. The precise composition ratio ensures excellent wear resistance, hardenability, and dimensional stability, which are key to its core performance.
- Heat treatment parameters: Anneal at 780-810°C for 2-4 hours with furnace cooling, achieving hardness ≤229HBW. Quench at 850-870°C using oil or brine cooling, reaching HRC64-66. Temper at 150-180°C for 2-3 hours with air cooling to room temperature, stabilizing hardness at HRC62-66. The process can be customized according to part precision requirements.
The GCr15A product features a well-defined appearance and stringent precision control: The round steel surface exhibits uniform coloration, free from oxide scale accumulation, cracks, inclusions, or porosity defects. It demonstrates excellent diameter consistency without noticeable bending or deformation, with a precision-grade surface roughness of Ra ≤ 0.8μm. The plate surface is smooth and flat, with no burrs on the edges and a clean cutting surface, with dimensional deviations controlled within ±0.05mm. The pipe's inner wall is smooth and burr-free, with uniform outer diameter and wall thickness, and no oval deformation. The forging surface shows even forging marks, free from flash or cracks, and boasts an excellent overall appearance. This product exemplifies the quality of high-quality refining and forming processes, making it suitable for direct use in subsequent precision machining.
Metallographic analysis reveals that the annealed GCr15A steel exhibits fine spheroidal pearlite with uniformly distributed, fine grains averaging 8-9 microns in size. The carbide particles are uniformly dispersed (≤3μm), facilitating machining and subsequent heat treatment. After quenching and tempering, the microstructure consists of fine needle-like martensite with dispersed carbides, showing no significant agglomeration. This configuration significantly enhances wear resistance and contact fatigue performance. The electroslag remelting process effectively removes internal impurities, resulting in minimal shrinkage cavities, porosity, and segregation defects. With a density exceeding 99.9%, the steel ensures long-term high-speed rolling friction operation without bearing failure due to internal defects, guaranteeing stable equipment performance.
- Hardness: The annealed state hardness ≤229HBW, suitable for precision machining; after quenching and tempering, the hardness stabilizes at HRC62-66 with uniform distribution and deviation within ±1HRC, effectively resisting rolling friction wear and extending the service life of bearings and components.
- Mechanical properties (tempered): tensile strength ≥2000MPa, yield strength ≥1700MPa, elongation δ5≥4%, impact toughness αk≥18J/cm² (at room temperature). The material exhibits excellent strength-to-toughness balance, capable of withstanding high-load impacts and preventing brittle failure of bearings during operation.
- Contact fatigue resistance: Tests demonstrate a contact fatigue life (L10) of ≥1000 hours (3000MPa load, 3000 rpm), outperforming conventional bearing steel. This ensures reliable operation under high-speed, high-load conditions while minimizing fatigue failure risks.
- Hardening capability: The core maintains hardness above HRC60 after quenching at a 100mm thickness. Oil cooling suffices for quenching, eliminating complex cooling equipment. This simplifies heat treatment processes, reduces production costs, and accommodates heat treatment requirements for bearings of various sizes.
- Dimensional stability: The residual stress after heat treatment is extremely low, and the dimensional change rate after aging treatment is ≤0.01%. This ensures long-term precision of the parts, meeting the requirements for high-precision bearings and instrument components, and preventing dimensional deformation from affecting equipment operational accuracy.
Using high-purity alloy materials and a dual-refining process combining electric arc furnace smelting with electroslag remelting, we strictly control chemical composition and impurity levels (P, S ≤0.020%) to ensure stable and reliable steel quality. Through precision forming and heat treatment, we enhance the internal density of the steel structure and achieve uniform carbide distribution, effectively eliminating bearing failure risks caused by material defects at the source. This provides a solid foundation for the manufacturing and application of precision bearings and components.
With outstanding wear resistance, contact fatigue resistance, and dimensional stability, this steel achieves a hardness of HRC62-66 after quenching and tempering, enabling it to withstand high-speed, high-load rolling friction and extend bearing service life. It also combines excellent hardenability with sufficient toughness, meeting the operational requirements of various bearing applications. Compared to conventional bearing steel, its contact fatigue life is enhanced by 50%-80%, resulting in superior operational reliability.
The product range includes round steel bars, plates, pipes, and forgings, with a wide selection of standard specifications available in all forms. Diameters range from 5mm to 300mm, and thicknesses from 3mm to 100mm. Customized solutions are supported for irregular dimensions and special precision grades (ultra-precision grade ±0.05mm), along with tailored heat treatment and surface treatment services. This eliminates the need for additional secondary processing by customers, enabling direct adaptation to the design and manufacturing requirements of precision bearings and components. The approach significantly reduces processing time and costs.
Engineered for precision bearing manufacturing, this system supports processing of various high-precision wear-resistant components. It meets diverse operational requirements including high-speed rotation, heavy loads, and extreme precision, with broad applicability across mechanical, electronic, automotive, and aerospace industries. Its superior dimensional stability and accuracy directly align with high-precision equipment assembly needs, significantly enhancing overall operational precision.
Every batch undergoes rigorous quality control encompassing chemical composition analysis, metallographic structure examination, hardness measurement, tensile strength testing, impact toughness evaluation, and non-destructive testing (combining ultrasonic and magnetic particle methods). These comprehensive procedures ensure all specifications meet both national standards and client requirements. We provide complete test reports, material certifications, and heat treatment documentation, with third-party re-inspection capabilities to guarantee product reliability and customer confidence.
With its outstanding precision and wear resistance, GCr15A is widely used in bearing manufacturing and high-precision wear-resistant mechanical components, with specific applications as follows:
This technology is designed for manufacturing precision bearings including deep groove ball bearings, self-aligning roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, and thrust bearings. It enables production of core components such as bearing rings and rolling elements (steel balls/rollers), with extensive applications in motors, machine tools, automotive systems, and rail transit equipment. The system ensures stable operation under high-speed rotation (≤10,000 rpm) and heavy-load conditions, maintaining bearing accuracy and service life while enhancing equipment reliability.
It is used to manufacture wear-resistant parts in precision instruments, such as watch core parts, gyroscopes, and precision sensor components. With its excellent dimensional stability and high precision, it ensures long-term measurement accuracy and operational stability of instruments, meeting the stringent requirements for part precision and wear resistance in precision instruments.
It can manufacture high-precision wear-resistant mechanical components such as machine tool spindles, precision gears, cams, guide columns, and push rods, which are widely used in high-precision equipment like CNC machine tools and machining centers. Its excellent wear resistance and strength can reduce part wear, improve equipment operational accuracy and service life, and lower maintenance costs.
Designed for manufacturing bearings and wear-resistant components in automotive and rail transit equipment, such as automotive hub bearings, transmission bearings, engine bearings, and rail transit axle box bearings. Capable of withstanding high loads, high-frequency vibrations, and high-speed rotational conditions, it resists wear and fatigue under complex operating conditions, ensuring the operational safety and reliability of transportation vehicles.
Beyond its aforementioned applications, GCr15A is also utilized in manufacturing high-precision gauges (e.g., micrometers, plug gauges, and micrometer probes), wear-resistant cutting tools (such as high-speed tool bodies), and wear-resistant components for petroleum machinery (including valve cores and seats). It meets the stringent requirements for high precision and wear resistance across industries like machinery, electronics, aerospace, and petrochemicals, providing the material foundation for efficient equipment operation.
GCr15A is a premium high-carbon chromium bearing steel specifically designed for precision bearings. Renowned for its exceptional wear resistance, high hardness, excellent hardenability, and dimensional stability, it plays a pivotal role in bearing manufacturing and high-precision mechanical components. Produced through electric arc furnace smelting and electroslag remelting processes using premium raw materials, this steel boasts precisely controlled chemical composition with minimal impurities (P and S content ≤0.020%), ensuring a uniformly dense internal structure and finely grained microstructure. Its standout features include: achieving HRC62-66 hardness through appropriate heat treatment, delivering outstanding wear resistance and contact fatigue performance to withstand high-load rolling -friction and extend bearing service life; maintaining consistent hardenability across thick cross-sections to ensure uniform performance across all bearing components; and combining toughness with corrosion resistance to meet diverse operational requirements. Whether for high-speed rotating bearings, precision instrument bearings, or wear-resistant mechanical parts, GCr15A delivers stable performance, ensuring equipment accuracy and reliability. As an indispensable premium bearing steel material in industrial manufacturing, it serves as a cornerstone for precision bearing applications.
The GCr15A products showcased here cover a wide range of specifications, designed to meet the machining requirements of various bearings and precision components. The specific models and detailed parameters are as follows:
- Round steel specifications: GCr15A-Φ (diameter) × L (length), with diameters ranging from 5mm to 300mm and standard lengths of 6000mm. Customized cutting is available upon request (minimum cutting length: 500mm). Precision grades include standard (±0.5mm), precision (±0.1mm), and ultra-precision (±0.05mm), suitable for manufacturing bearing rings and rolling elements with varying accuracy requirements.
- Plate specifications: GCr15A-δ (thickness) × W (width) × L (length), with thickness ranging from 3mm to 100mm, widths available in 1000mm, 1220mm, or 1500mm, and standard length of 2000mm (customizable). The plates are cold-rolled or hot-rolled, with surface treatments including annealing, pickling, or polishing, making them suitable for manufacturing large bearing housings, wear-resistant washers, and similar components.
- Pipe specifications: GCr15A-Φ (outer diameter) × δ (wall thickness) × L (length), with outer diameters ranging from 10mm to 200mm and wall thicknesses from 2mm to 20mm. Standard length is 6000mm, with custom cutting available. The surface is annealed, suitable for applications such as hollow bearing sleeves and precision pipe fittings.
- Forged parts specifications: GCr15A steel, dimensions from 100×100×100mm to 500×500×500mm, with custom shape forgings available. The forged parts feature refined grain structure and dense internal microstructure, delivering superior mechanical properties. Ideal for precision bearing rings and wear-resistant components requiring integrated machining.
- Compliance standard: GB/T 18254-2016 (National Standard), equivalent to ISO 683-17:2018, ensuring product quality meets precision bearing steel industry specifications. Material certificates, heat treatment reports, and third-party inspection reports are available upon request.
- Chemical composition (mass percentage,%): C 0.95-1.05, Si 0.15-0.35, Mn 0.25-0.45, P ≤0.020, S ≤0.020, Cr 1.40-1.65, Ni ≤0.30, Cu ≤0.25, Mo ≤0.10. The precise composition ratio ensures excellent wear resistance, hardenability, and dimensional stability, which are key to its core performance.
- Heat treatment parameters: Anneal at 780-810°C for 2-4 hours with furnace cooling, achieving hardness ≤229HBW. Quench at 850-870°C using oil or brine cooling, reaching HRC64-66. Temper at 150-180°C for 2-3 hours with air cooling to room temperature, stabilizing hardness at HRC62-66. The process can be customized according to part precision requirements.
The GCr15A product features a well-defined appearance and stringent precision control: The round steel surface exhibits uniform coloration, free from oxide scale accumulation, cracks, inclusions, or porosity defects. It demonstrates excellent diameter consistency without noticeable bending or deformation, with a precision-grade surface roughness of Ra ≤ 0.8μm. The plate surface is smooth and flat, with no burrs on the edges and a clean cutting surface, with dimensional deviations controlled within ±0.05mm. The pipe's inner wall is smooth and burr-free, with uniform outer diameter and wall thickness, and no oval deformation. The forging surface shows even forging marks, free from flash or cracks, and boasts an excellent overall appearance. This product exemplifies the quality of high-quality refining and forming processes, making it suitable for direct use in subsequent precision machining.
Metallographic analysis reveals that the annealed GCr15A steel exhibits fine spheroidal pearlite with uniformly distributed, fine grains averaging 8-9 microns in size. The carbide particles are uniformly dispersed (≤3μm), facilitating machining and subsequent heat treatment. After quenching and tempering, the microstructure consists of fine needle-like martensite with dispersed carbides, showing no significant agglomeration. This configuration significantly enhances wear resistance and contact fatigue performance. The electroslag remelting process effectively removes internal impurities, resulting in minimal shrinkage cavities, porosity, and segregation defects. With a density exceeding 99.9%, the steel ensures long-term high-speed rolling friction operation without bearing failure due to internal defects, guaranteeing stable equipment performance.
- Hardness: The annealed state hardness ≤229HBW, suitable for precision machining; after quenching and tempering, the hardness stabilizes at HRC62-66 with uniform distribution and deviation within ±1HRC, effectively resisting rolling friction wear and extending the service life of bearings and components.
- Mechanical properties (tempered): tensile strength ≥2000MPa, yield strength ≥1700MPa, elongation δ5≥4%, impact toughness αk≥18J/cm² (at room temperature). The material exhibits excellent strength-to-toughness balance, capable of withstanding high-load impacts and preventing brittle failure of bearings during operation.
- Contact fatigue resistance: Tests demonstrate a contact fatigue life (L10) of ≥1000 hours (3000MPa load, 3000 rpm), outperforming conventional bearing steel. This ensures reliable operation under high-speed, high-load conditions while minimizing fatigue failure risks.
- Hardening capability: The core maintains hardness above HRC60 after quenching at a 100mm thickness. Oil cooling suffices for quenching, eliminating complex cooling equipment. This simplifies heat treatment processes, reduces production costs, and accommodates heat treatment requirements for bearings of various sizes.
- Dimensional stability: The residual stress after heat treatment is extremely low, and the dimensional change rate after aging treatment is ≤0.01%. This ensures long-term precision of the parts, meeting the requirements for high-precision bearings and instrument components, and preventing dimensional deformation from affecting equipment operational accuracy.
Using high-purity alloy materials and a dual-refining process combining electric arc furnace smelting with electroslag remelting, we strictly control chemical composition and impurity levels (P, S ≤0.020%) to ensure stable and reliable steel quality. Through precision forming and heat treatment, we enhance the internal density of the steel structure and achieve uniform carbide distribution, effectively eliminating bearing failure risks caused by material defects at the source. This provides a solid foundation for the manufacturing and application of precision bearings and components.
With outstanding wear resistance, contact fatigue resistance, and dimensional stability, this steel achieves a hardness of HRC62-66 after quenching and tempering, enabling it to withstand high-speed, high-load rolling friction and extend bearing service life. It also combines excellent hardenability with sufficient toughness, meeting the operational requirements of various bearing applications. Compared to conventional bearing steel, its contact fatigue life is enhanced by 50%-80%, resulting in superior operational reliability.
The product range includes round steel bars, plates, pipes, and forgings, with a wide selection of standard specifications available in all forms. Diameters range from 5mm to 300mm, and thicknesses from 3mm to 100mm. Customized solutions are supported for irregular dimensions and special precision grades (ultra-precision grade ±0.05mm), along with tailored heat treatment and surface treatment services. This eliminates the need for additional secondary processing by customers, enabling direct adaptation to the design and manufacturing requirements of precision bearings and components. The approach significantly reduces processing time and costs.
Engineered for precision bearing manufacturing, this system supports processing of various high-precision wear-resistant components. It meets diverse operational requirements including high-speed rotation, heavy loads, and extreme precision, with broad applicability across mechanical, electronic, automotive, and aerospace industries. Its superior dimensional stability and accuracy directly align with high-precision equipment assembly needs, significantly enhancing overall operational precision.
Every batch undergoes rigorous quality control encompassing chemical composition analysis, metallographic structure examination, hardness measurement, tensile strength testing, impact toughness evaluation, and non-destructive testing (combining ultrasonic and magnetic particle methods). These comprehensive procedures ensure all specifications meet both national standards and client requirements. We provide complete test reports, material certifications, and heat treatment documentation, with third-party re-inspection capabilities to guarantee product reliability and customer confidence.
With its outstanding precision and wear resistance, GCr15A is widely used in bearing manufacturing and high-precision wear-resistant mechanical components, with specific applications as follows:
This technology is designed for manufacturing precision bearings including deep groove ball bearings, self-aligning roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, and thrust bearings. It enables production of core components such as bearing rings and rolling elements (steel balls/rollers), with extensive applications in motors, machine tools, automotive systems, and rail transit equipment. The system ensures stable operation under high-speed rotation (≤10,000 rpm) and heavy-load conditions, maintaining bearing accuracy and service life while enhancing equipment reliability.
It is used to manufacture wear-resistant parts in precision instruments, such as watch core parts, gyroscopes, and precision sensor components. With its excellent dimensional stability and high precision, it ensures long-term measurement accuracy and operational stability of instruments, meeting the stringent requirements for part precision and wear resistance in precision instruments.
It can manufacture high-precision wear-resistant mechanical components such as machine tool spindles, precision gears, cams, guide columns, and push rods, which are widely used in high-precision equipment like CNC machine tools and machining centers. Its excellent wear resistance and strength can reduce part wear, improve equipment operational accuracy and service life, and lower maintenance costs.
Designed for manufacturing bearings and wear-resistant components in automotive and rail transit equipment, such as automotive hub bearings, transmission bearings, engine bearings, and rail transit axle box bearings. Capable of withstanding high loads, high-frequency vibrations, and high-speed rotational conditions, it resists wear and fatigue under complex operating conditions, ensuring the operational safety and reliability of transportation vehicles.
Beyond its aforementioned applications, GCr15A is also utilized in manufacturing high-precision gauges (e.g., micrometers, plug gauges, and micrometer probes), wear-resistant cutting tools (such as high-speed tool bodies), and wear-resistant components for petroleum machinery (including valve cores and seats). It meets the stringent requirements for high precision and wear resistance across industries like machinery, electronics, aerospace, and petrochemicals, providing the material foundation for efficient equipment operation.
